Running electric hoists are essential lifting equipment whose material selection is critical to their performance, safety, and longevity. Here's a detailed breakdown of the main materials used in their key components, based on technical literature and industry practices:

1. Motor (Power Source)

Housing:

Aluminum Alloy (e.g., 5083-H111) or Cast Steel (e.g., GGG40), often anodized for corrosion resistance.

Coils:

Copper Alloy wire for high electrical conductivity. Some high-efficiency motors use permanent magnets (e.g., neodymium-iron-boron) to enhance power density.

Bearings:

High-Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel (e.g., GCr15), heat-treated to HRC62 hardness for durability.

2. Gearbox (Torque Transmission)

Gears:

Alloy Steel (e.g., 20CrMnTi), carburized and quenched to HRC58-62 surface hardness, then honed to reduce noise.

Shafts:

42CrMo Alloy Steel, tempered to HB280-320 for a balance of toughness and torsional strength.

Lubricant:

Synthetic Gear Oil (GL-5 grade) with extreme-pressure additives for high-load applications.

3. Drum and Wire Rope (Load Handling)

Drum:

High-Strength Cast Steel (e.g., GGG40), normalized to HB170-210 for improved toughness.

Wire Rope:

High-Carbon Steel (e.g., 65Mn), 6.3-11.2mm diameter, galvanized with ≥80μm coating for corrosion resistance.

Fasteners:

316L Stainless Steel bolts, pre-tightened to ≥70% yield strength to prevent loosening.

4. Housing and Protective Structures

Shell:

Stainless Steel (304/316L) or Aluminum Alloy (6061-T6), 3-5mm thick for impact resistance.

Explosion-Proof Design:

Copper Alloy (e.g., H62) fittings, nickel-plated to prevent oxidation.

Coating:

Epoxy Powder Coating, 80-120μm thick, with ≥500h salt spray resistance.

5. Braking System (Safety Critical)

Brake Disc:

Cast Iron (HT250) or Alloy Steel (42CrMo), with friction surfaces induction-hardened to HRC45-50.

Friction Linings:

Semi-Metallic Composites (e.g., copper-based powder metallurgy), μ≥0.4 friction coefficient, 350℃ temperature resistance.

Springs:

65Mn Steel, heat-treated to ≥1800MPa elastic limit.

6. Material Selection Rationale

Weight Reduction: Aluminum/magnesium alloys for non-load-bearing parts.

Corrosion Resistance: 316L stainless steel or galvanized steel for harsh environments.

Wear Resistance: Carburized alloy steel gears with 30% harder surfaces.

Safety: Redundant braking systems with ≥3mm friction material reserve.

7. Industry-Specific Enhancements

Explosion-Proof Applications:

Copper Alloy (H62) replaces ferrous materials to prevent sparking (ATEX compliance).

Static-Conductive Coatings: Surface resistivity ≤10⁶Ω to prevent static buildup.

High-Temperature Environments:

Inconel 625 seals for 900℃ resistance.

Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) bearings for 400℃ operation.

8. Typical Applications

Modular Design: 60% height reduction for low-headroom workshops.

Smart Control: Integrated PLC/VFD systems for ±2mm positioning accuracy.

Energy Efficiency: Permanent magnet motors with 12% higher efficiency and 40% lower idle power.

The main equipment produced by Hebei Makita: stage electric hoist, electric chian hoist, wire rope electric hoist，Hand chain hoist, lever hoist, pneumatic hoist and other lifting equipment