Electric hoists, also known as electric chain hoists, are commonly used lifting devices in industrial settings. They can experience several types of damage due to mechanical stress, electrical issues, or operational errors. Here are three main categories of damage that electric hoists may encounter:

1. Mechanical Damage

Wear and Tear of Components:

钢丝绳磨损或断裂：The wire rope, which is responsible for lifting loads, can wear out over time due to repeated bending, abrasion, or overloading. This can lead to breakage, causing the load to drop suddenly.

吊钩变形或裂纹：The hook, which bears the load, may deform or crack under excessive stress or due to material fatigue.

制动器失效：The brake system, which holds the load in place when the hoist is stopped, may fail due to worn brake pads, broken springs, or hydraulic leaks. This can result in uncontrolled descent of the load.

Gear or Transmission Damage:

The gears inside the hoist may wear out, leading to slipping or failure to lift loads properly.

Bearings may overheat or seize due to lack of lubrication or overloading.

2. Electrical Damage

Motor Failure:

The electric motor may overheat due to prolonged use, voltage fluctuations, or internal winding damage. This can lead to burnout or complete motor failure.

Control Circuit Issues: Faulty wiring, damaged switches, or malfunctioning relays in the control panel can cause the hoist to operate erratically or fail to respond to commands.

Electrical Short Circuits:

Damage to insulation in wires or cables can cause short circuits, leading to sparks, overheating, or complete shutdown of the hoist.

Overload Protection Failure: The overload protection system, designed to stop the hoist if it exceeds its rated capacity, may malfunction, allowing the hoist to operate beyond safe limits.

3. Operational Damage

Overloading:

Operating the hoist beyond its rated capacity can cause structural damage to the hoist, such as bent frames, broken chains, or damaged gears.

Misuse or Improper Handling:

斜拉歪吊：Lifting loads at an angle or side-loading the hoist can cause excessive stress on the wire rope, hooks, and other components.

碰撞或撞击：Accidental collisions with other equipment or structures can damage the hoist’s housing, controls, or lifting mechanism.

Lack of Maintenance:

Failure to regularly inspect and maintain the hoist can lead to accumulated damage, such as rust, corrosion, or debris buildup, which can impair its functionality and safety.

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