The internal principle and structure of a European electric hoist, also commonly referred to as a European electric single-girder crane, are described below:

Internal Principle

The operation of a European electric hoist is based on the combination of three movements: the longitudinal movement of the crane bridge (gantry), the lateral movement of the trolley, and the vertical movement of the hook.

Hoisting Mechanism:

The power source for the hoisting mechanism originates from an electric motor.

The motor's power is transmitted through a series of components, including a gear coupling, compensation shaft, and brake wheel coupling, to the high-speed shaft end of the reducer.

The reducer reduces the motor's high rotational speed to the required speed.

The power is then output from the reducer's low-speed shaft and transmitted to the drum set via the internal gear ring on the drum.

Finally, the power is transmitted to the hook via wire rope and pulley blocks to achieve lifting and lowering of loads.

Trolley Running System:

The power for the trolley's movement also originates from an electric motor.

The motor's power is transmitted through a brake wheel coupling, compensation shaft, and half-tooth coupling to the high-speed shaft end of a vertical three-stage reducer.

The reducer reduces the motor's speed and the power is then output from its low-speed shaft.

The power is further transmitted through half-tooth couplings, compensation shafts, and additional half-tooth couplings to the active wheels of the trolley, causing them to rotate and achieve lateral movement of the trolley and the loads it carries.

Crane Bridge Running System (Gantry Movement):

Similar to the trolley running system, the power for the crane bridge's movement originates from an electric motor.

The power is transmitted through a series of components to a reducer, which reduces the motor's speed.

The power is then output from the reducer's low-speed shaft and transmitted to the active wheels of the crane bridge via a full-tooth coupling.

This causes the crane bridge to move longitudinally along the tracks laid on the elevated structures on both sides.

Structure Description

The structure of a European electric hoist can be divided into several main components:

Metal Structure:

The metal structure consists of a bridge frame and a trolley frame.

The bridge frame further includes the main girder, end girders, walkways, guardrails, and operator's cab.

Mechanical Transmission:

The mechanical transmission system is designed to achieve different movement requirements.

It comprises the hoisting mechanism, crane bridge running mechanism, and trolley running mechanism.

Electrical Components:

The electrical components consist of electrical circuits and electrical equipment.

They provide power and control signals to the various mechanisms of the crane.

Additional Components:

The hoist also includes components such as an electric motor, brake, reducer, drum, and pulley blocks.

The electric motor drives the reducer, which in turn drives the drum to rotate. This causes the wire rope to wind onto or unwind from the drum, thereby lifting or lowering loads.

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